Most jokes about Canada and Canadian culture are about the snow, the animals, hockey, or people being polite (especially saying "Sorry!"). A quick Google search for the common memes "Meanwhile, in Canada..." or "Canadians be like..." will turn up all kinds of funny pictures about life in Canada. I think most Canadians are good-humoured about these jokes and secretly take pride in them. American movies and series often make jokes about Canada as well, sometimes about whether it even really exists or not! There are plenty of jokes online comparing Canada and America as well (like the picture above).

Within Canada, there are many jokes about people from Newfoundland called "Newfie jokes". For example...

A newfie rolls into his factory job at 10:30. The floor manager comes up to him and says, "You should have been here at nine o'clock," to which the newfie responds "Why, what happened?"

Most of these jokes are about Newfies being, well, no so smart, but they're also about the unique accent and relaxed pace of life in Newfoundland. People from Newfoundland are actually very kind and friendly people, so while I get a chuckle out of some of these jokes, I don't tell them myself.

Overall, I think the "Meanwhile, in Canada..." jokes may be the easiest to understand without having a deep knowledge of the culture, and I encourage you to take a quick look!