Today’s episode of Crow's Mimicry introduces another common usage of complements in Mandarin Chinese— "出來".
When used as a complement, "出來" has nothing to do with spatial movement. Instead, it indicates a process of understanding or recognition after thinking or perceiving, transforming from a state of not understanding to understanding. This process of moving from nothing to something is the concept expressed by the complement "出來". The common structure is as follows:
（一）（動詞）＋出來（＋受詞或子句）
In this context, the verbs are mostly monosyllabic action verbs or state verbs that express cognition. Common verbs include:
看 (kàn), 聽 (tīng), 想 (xiǎng), 喝 (hē), 寫 (xiě), 吃 (chī), 認 (rèn)
Next, we'll use three examples to help learners understand the usage of the complement "出來":
### Examples:
（一）看出來: Indicates the ability to distinguish something through observation or watching.
- 例句一：她的臉色很不好，我看出來她生病了。
- **Pinyin**: Tā de liǎnsè hěn bù hǎo, wǒ kàn chūlái tā shēngbìng le.
- **Translation**: She looks pale, I can tell that she is sick.
（二）想出來: Indicates the ability to come up with a solution or answer through thinking or association.
- 例句二：我想出來一個好辦法，能解決這個問題。
- **Pinyin**: Wǒ xiǎng chūlái yī gè hǎo bànfǎ, néng jiějué zhè gè wèntí.
- **Translation**: I came up with a good idea to solve this problem.
（三）聽出來: Indicates the ability to distinguish or recognize a sound or spoken content through hearing.
- 例句三：我聽出來那首歌是他唱的。
- **Pinyin**: Wǒ tīng chūlái nà shǒu gē shì tā chàng de.
- **Translation**: I recognized that the song was sung by him.
Additionally, there are three other structures in Mandarin Chinese that can be learned together with the usage of the complement "出來":
### Other Structures:
（二）To express that something has not happened: 沒＋（動詞）＋出來
（三）To express ability or possibility: （動詞）＋得出來
（四）To express inability or impossibility: （動詞）＋不出來
The complement "起" that we learned previously can also be applied to these four structures, not limited to the "出來" discussed in this article.
For example, with "吃" (chī - to eat), we can form the following four expressions:
（一）吃出來: Indicates the ability to distinguish a taste or ingredient by eating.
- 例句一：這道菜的材料很特別，我吃出來裡面有香菜。
- **Explanation**: Able to distinguish the taste of cilantro by eating.
（二）沒吃出來: Indicates the inability to distinguish a taste or ingredient by eating.
- 例句二：這道湯裡面有什麼特別的材料嗎？我沒吃出來。
- **Explanation**: Unable to distinguish the special ingredient in the soup by eating.
（三）吃得出來: Indicates the ability to immediately distinguish a taste or ingredient by eating.
- 例句三：這個蛋糕的巧克力味道很濃，我一吃就吃得出來。
- **Explanation**: Able to immediately distinguish the strong chocolate flavor in the cake by eating.
（四）吃不出來: Indicates the inability to distinguish a taste or ingredient by eating.
- 例句四：這道菜的味道很複雜，我吃不出來到底用了哪些調料。
- **Explanation**: Unable to distinguish the ingredients used in the dish by eating.
In today's article, we introduced the usage of the complement "出來" and its corresponding structures, hoping to help learners better understand the unique complement structures in Mandarin Chinese.
「出來」作為補語的用法
今天的烏鴉學舌要介紹的是另一個華語裡面常用的補語的用法—「出來」。
今天要介紹作為補語的「出來」跟空間的移動沒有關係，而是表示的是一種說話的人經過思考、認知，然後理解的過程，而從不理解、不明白到認知的這個過程，也是「出來」這個補語所要表達的「無中生有」的概念。通常會有以下的定式
（一）（動詞）＋出來（＋受詞或子句）
這裡的動詞多半是單音節的動作動詞或是表達認知的狀態動詞。常用的動詞如下：
看、聽、想、喝、寫、吃、認
接下來，我們將用三個例句，讓各位學習者了解「出來」這個補語的用法：
（一）看出來：表示能夠通過觀察或觀看來分辨某個事物或情況。
例句一：她的臉色很不好，我看出來她生病了。
-
- 拼音：Tā de liǎnsè hěn bù hǎo, wǒ kàn chūlái tā shēngbìng le.
- 翻譯：She looks pale, I can tell that she is sick.
（二）想出來：表示能夠通過思考或聯想來找到解決辦法或答案。
例句二：我想出來一個好辦法，能解決這個問題。
-
- 拼音：Wǒ xiǎng chūlái yī gè hǎo bànfǎ, néng jiějué zhè gè wèntí.
- 翻譯：I came up with a good idea to solve this problem.
（三）聽出來：表示能夠通過聽覺來分辨或識別某個聲音或語言內容。
例句三：我聽出來那首歌是他唱的。
-
- 拼音：Wǒ tīng chūlái nà shǒu gē shì tā chàng de.
- 翻譯：I recognized that the song was sung by him.
此外，華語中補語的用法還有其他三個定式，是可以一起學習的：
（二）表達沒有發生：沒＋（動詞）＋出來
（三）表達有能力、可以做：（動詞）＋得出來
（四）表達沒有能力、沒辦法做：（動詞）＋不出來
之前我們學習過的作為補語的「起」也可以應用在這四個定式上，並不只限於本文章所講的「出來」。
以「吃」為例，可以形成以下四個表現：
（一）吃出來： 表示能夠通過吃來分辨出某個味道或成分。
例句一：這道菜的材料很特別，我吃出來裡面有香菜。
解釋：能夠通過吃來分辨出香菜的味道。
（二）沒吃出來： 表示沒有辦法通過吃來分辨出某個味道或成分。
例句二：這道湯裡面有什麼特別的材料嗎？我沒吃出來。
解釋：無法通過吃來分辨出湯裡的特殊材料。
（三）吃得出來： 表示能夠通過吃來分辨出某個味道或成分。
例句三：這個蛋糕的巧克力味道很濃，我一吃就吃得出來。
解釋：能夠通過吃來立即分辨出巧克力的味道。
（四）吃不出來： 表示沒有辦法通過吃來分辨出某個味道或成分。
例句四：這道菜的味道很複雜，我吃不出來到底用了哪些調料。
解釋：無法通過吃來分辨出菜裡的調料。
今天的文章，我們介紹了補語「出來」的用法，以及對應的其他三組表現，希望能讓各位學習者更能了解華語裡面獨特的補語結構。
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