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"想" (xiǎng) and "要" (yào)
In Chinese grammar, "想" (xiǎng) and "要" (yào) can both be used as auxiliary verbs and main verbs.
When used as main verbs, "想" is followed by an object, indicating that one is thinking about something, as in:
❶ 我正在想這個題目。 (I am thinking about this question.)
On the other hand, "要" indicates something one wants to get, as in:
❷ 我要那個蛋糕。 (I want that cake.)
When used as auxiliary verbs, although the English translations might seem the same, the meanings are slightly different, as in:
❸ 我想打棒球 (I want to play baseball)
❹ 我要打棒球 (I want to play baseball)
While both translate to "I want to play baseball" in English, the meanings are slightly different.
❸ implies that the speaker is still considering, whereas ❹ means the speaker has already decided to do it. In Japanese, the meaning of ❹ is more like するつもり (surutsumori) or する予定 (suru yotei), whereas ❸ is more like したい (shitai) or しよう (shiyou).
In short, when "要" is used as an auxiliary verb, it generally indicates an action the speaker has already decided to do, whereas "想" indicates that the speaker is still in the thinking stage. This is a method that learners can use to distinguish between the two usages.
想跟要
華語語法裡面，「想」跟「要」都可以分別當助動詞跟動詞。
當動詞的時候，「想」的後面接受詞，表示正在思考某件事情，如：
❶我正在想這個題目。
而「要」則表示想得到的東西，如：
❷我要那個蛋糕。
但如果當助動詞的時候，英文的翻譯雖然似乎一樣，但其實語意上有一點差異，如：
❸我想打棒球
❹我要打棒球
這兩句翻譯成英文都是” I want to play baseball”，但意思卻有點不一樣。
❸的意思還在考慮階段，但❹的意思是已經決定好要去做了。如果用日語來說，❹的意思更像是するつもり或是する予定，而❸是したい或是しよう的意思而已。
簡而言之，「要」當助動詞的場合，基本上是內心已經決定好要去做的動作，而「想」則還在思考階段。這是學習者可以用來區分用法的方法。
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