Olufunke Oshinoiki-Oyadina GRAMMAR for beginner, intermediate and advanced levels.
 

GRAMMAR for beginner, intermediate and advanced levels.

USES OF VERB, TYPES AND VERB TENSES

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VERB

A verb is an activity/action word.  E.g;                     eat, sleep, run, learn

A verb is also a state of being. E.g,                            am         (I am being nice),

were       (they were being nice).

You need a verb to make a complete statement.  E.g,  They sleep every night.   Not… (They every night).

Verb features in different ways.:

1.      As Main verbs

2.      As Auxiliary verbs

3.      As Active or Passive verb voices

1.      Main verb:

A main verb can either be a Regular verb or Irregular verb.

Ø  Regular verbs:

Their past forms have additions of the suffixes  -‘d’,    -‘ed’,   or    -‘ied’.

 

Examples: 

Kick                       -                             kick + ed              (kicked)

Try                        -                             tr  + ied)               (tried)

 

Ø  Irregular verbs:

Their past forms have no addition of    -d’,     -ed’      or   ied’    but rather have the words spellings changed in past form.

 

Examples:

Eat                        -              ate

Sleep                    -              slept

2.      Auxiliary verb:

Auxiliary verbs are helping verbs. They help the main verb make better sense in a sentence.

They express state of being and so they are regarded as ‘being verbs’.

Auxiliary verbs can either be …

Being verbs.  E.g,                     Is, am, was, are, were

Or

Modal verbs. E.g,                     have, has,  ought, should, would, could etc.

3.      Active and Passive Verbs

Active verbs (active voice) … tell what the subject (a person, place, thing, or concept) does.

Example:                            John picked the pen.

Passive verbs (passive voice)…    tell what is done to the subject.

Example:                            The pen was picked by John.

For PASSIVE VOICE,

i.                 the subject changes to the position of the object,

ii.                auxiliaries are positioned before the main verb      = AUX + MV

TENSES OF VERBS

Verb tenses show time. They express ‘when’ events happen, happened, or will happen.

There are 4 major category of verb tenses expressions.

a.      Simple present Tense:    

Expresses habits or regular/routine activities. 

 

Singular verb:   vb + s    : E.g,   roars, walks                             (The lion roars)

 

Plural verb:          (no addition of   ‘-s’).  E.g,   roar                 (The lions roar)

 

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